El presente artículo indaga por la posibilidad del perdón teniendo como telón de fondo el daño extremo, en el cual la víctima ha sido violentada en suintegridad física y psicológica sin razón aparente. Para allanar el problema abordamos la perspectiva de Jankélévitch, donde el perdón no es unívoco ni universal, más bien es un asunto personal. En este sentido, el artículo muestra que el perdón puede proceder de i) un acto de amor, completamente desinteresado, en el que la víctima en (...) un acto de desprendimiento y de humildad dona el perdón sin esperar nada a cambio y ii) del diálogo que se establece entre víctima y verdugo, donde el segundo reconoce la falta y, en consecuencia, establece comunicación con la víctima. No obstante, y dado los límites humanos, el reconocimiento de la falta no implica, necesariamente, el acontecimiento del perdón. (shrink)

Socially responsible consumption reflects a consumer's political and ethical act. Its measurement is dependent on the socio-economic and cultural context. Consequently, measurement instruments reflecting various behaviour profiles of global consumers have been developed. This study employs a Latin-American-specific measurement instrument to compare socially responsible consumption behaviours in Colombia, Mexico and Peru, countries with the same cultural cluster, that is they reflect a set of values shaped by religion, family, a sense of authority and a nationalist bias in their cultural pattern. (...) The empirical test included confirmatory factorial analysis exercise, factorial invariance analysis and a contrast analysis of variance. The results for the three Latin American countries show the following. (i) The Mexican consumer, compared to the Peruvian and Colombian one, exhibits a stronger tendency to evaluate external practices of corporate social responsibility as a criterion of consumption. (ii) The rationality of the Mexican consumer is better in terms of consumption volume of products, resources and services. Finally, (iii) Peruvian and Mexican consumers (vs. Colombian consumers) exhibit a tendency to assess the responsible practices of companies in labour matters more as a consumption criterion. This study provides empirical evidence of the context-dependent nature of measuring socially responsible consumption. For practitioners, identifying consumer profiles based on the market context enables them to customise goods and services. Moreover, policymakers should implement a sustainable consumption agenda with public policy guidelines tailored to the specific context. (shrink)

Este artículo, siguiendo al filósofo francés Vladimir Jankélévitch, desvela la ética de la resistencia como una vía frente a la imposibilidad de perdonar en casos de violencia extrema y, en particular, cuando no hay arrepentimiento por parte del victimario. La senda de la resistencia configura, entonces, no solo el compromiso y la necesidad de mantener vivo el recuerdo del horror y la preciosa ipséité, sino la posibilidad de re-sentir y re-significar el silencio como un modo de dignificar a las víctimas, (...) sin permitir que el lugar de lo moral sea usurpado por lo jurídico o lo legal. La tesis central que queremos sostener aquí se rige por la siguiente afirmación: si no podemos perdonar, por lo menos podemos resistir. La resistencia está relacionada con el deber de la memoria y con la recuperación de la voz silenciada de las víctimas en el espacio público. This article, following the teachings of the French philosopher Vladimir Jankélé-vitch, presents the ethics of resistance as a path facing the impossibility of pardon in cases of extreme violence and, in particular, when there is no remorse on the part of the violence performer. The path of resistance shapes, therefore, not only the commitment and the need to keep alive the memory of the horror and the cherished ipséité, but also the possibility to feel again and redefine silence as a way to honour the victims without allowing the moral stance to be usurped by the judicial system or the rule of law. The central thesis that we would like to hold here is based on the following statement: If we cannot forgive at least we can resist. Resistance concerns the duty of memory and the recovery of the silenced voice of victims in the public space. (shrink)

This study constructs a measurement scale for Socially Responsible Consumption in the particular context of Colombia. It uses a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodological approach, beginning with four focus groups and ending with a quantitative validation exercise employing Exploratory Factor Analysis. The result is a Socially Responsible Consumption measurement scale consisting of four dimensions that reflect paradigms found in the existing literature. These are, however, expressed differently in Colombia. In particular, Socially Responsible Consumption involves consumer behavior that favors corporate social (...) responsibility practices and the rational consumption of resources and products while recognizing the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle through healthcare. (shrink)

Resumen:El propósito de este ensayo es analizar en qué manera se producen las elaboraciones de conocimiento social, diferenciando el que es propiamente generado como construcción del mundo social del que, de un modo más específico, tiene pretensión de validez científica. Nuestra intención ha sido hacerlo poniendo el fundamento en esa intuición que se caracteriza por ser una forma de acceso al conocimiento cotidiano habitual, natural, sin complejas elaboraciones, intuitivo, en definitiva, que parece regir los posicionamientos, puntos de vista y percepciones (...) en nuestros días; y lo hace, además, de una forma que puede llamarse estética por las propias conceptualizaciones más clásicas, y también porque la estética parece ser uno de los signos de nuestros tiempos que ha quedado incorporado a los mecanismos por los que se produce el conocer intuitivo. Sobre estas bases, concluiremos proponiendo algunas conceptualizaciones que definan y delimiten la validez de las distintas formas de conocimiento social.Palabras clave: intuición; estética; conocimiento; construcción social; verdad. (shrink)

3 In live performances seated audiences have restricted opportunities for response. Some 4 responses are obvious, such as applause and cheering, but there are also many apparently 5 incidental movements including posture shifts, fixing hair, scratching and adjusting glasses. 6 Do these movements provide clues to people’s level of engagement with a performance? Our 7 basic hypothesis is that audience responses are part of a bi-directional system of audience- 8 performer communication. This communication is part of what distinguishes live from (...) recorded 9 performance and underpins live performers’ moment-to-moment sense of how well a performance 10 is going. Here we investigate the range of visible real-time movements of audiences in four live 11 contemporary dance performances. Video recordings of performers and audiences were analysed 12 using computer vision techniques for extracting face, hand and body movement data. The 13 meaning of audience movements were analysed by comparing clips of the audience at moments 14 of maximum and minimum movement to expert and novice judges. The results show that audience 15 clips with the lowest overall movement are judged as displaying the highest engagement. In 16 addition, we found that while there is no systematic relationship between audience and dancers 17 movement, hands seem to play an especially significant role since they move significantly more 18 compared to the rest of the body. We draw on these findings to argue that collective stillness is 19 an especially salient signal of audience engagement. (shrink)

Treatise on the theory of Advaita Vedanta philosophy.

ObjectiveCaring for patients with Alzheimer’s disease is a stressful situation and an overwhelming task for family caregivers. Therefore, these caregivers need to have their hardiness empowered to provide proper and appropriate care to these older adults. From the introduction of the concept of hardiness, few studies have been conducted to assess the hardiness of caregivers of patients with AD. Presumably, one reason for this knowledge gap is the lack of a proper scale to evaluate hardiness in this group. This study (...) was conducted to develop a reliable and valid Family Caregivers’ Hardiness Scale to measure this concept accurately among Iranian family caregivers sample.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional study with a sequential-exploratory mixed-method approach. The concept of family caregivers’ hardiness was clarified using deductive content analysis, and item pools were generated. In the psychometric step, the samples were 435 family caregivers with a mean age of 50.26, and the data were gathered via an online form questionnaire. In this step, the items of the FCHS were evaluated using face and content validity. Then, the factor structure was determined and confirmed using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis followed by convergent and divergent validity, respectively. Finally, scale reliability, including stability, and internal consistency were evaluated.ResultsThe finding revealed that FCHS consists of five factors, namely, “Religious Coping”, “Self-Management”, “Empathic Communication”, “Family Affective Commitment”, and “Purposeful Interaction” that explained 58.72% of the total variance. The results of CFA showed a good model fit. Reliability showed acceptable internal consistency and stability.ConclusionBased on the results of the psychometric evaluation of the FCHS, turned out that the concept of hardiness in Iranian family caregivers is a multidimensional concept that is most focused on individual-cultural values, emotional family relationships, and social relationships. The designed scale also has acceptable validity and reliability features that can be used in future studies to measure this concept in family caregivers. (shrink)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death of women in the United States, yet cardiovascular research is disproportionately conducted using male human subjects and male animal models. This article deploys Katrina Hutchison’s (2019) analysis of gender disparity in clinical trials as a moral aggregation problem to address the problem of underrepresentation of women in cardiovascular research. I identify cost concerns, convenience, pregnancy, and negligence as potential reasons for the underrepresentation of women in CVD research. Finally, I suggest that multilevel (...) strategies will be needed to eliminate sex disparity in CVD research and improve patient care. (shrink)

Theodor Adorno once wrote an essay to "defend Bach against his devotees." In this book Dana Villa does the same for Hannah Arendt, whose sweeping reconceptualization of the nature and value of political action, he argues, has been covered over and domesticated by admirers who had hoped to enlist her in their less radical philosophical or political projects. Against the prevailing "Aristotelian" interpretation of her work, Villa explores Arendt's modernity, and indeed her postmodernity, through the Heideggerian and Nietzschean (...) theme of a break with tradition at the closure of metaphysics.Villa's book, however, is much more than a mere correction of misinterpretations of a major thinker's work. Rather, he makes a persuasive case for Arendt as the postmodern or postmetaphysical political theorist, the first political theorist to think through the nature of political action after Nietzsche's exposition of the death of God. After giving an account of Arendt's theory of action and Heidegger's influence on it, Villa shows how Arendt did justice to the Heideggerian and Nietzschean criticism of the metaphysical tradition while avoiding the political conclusions they drew from their critiques. The result is a wide-ranging discussion not only of Arendt and Heidegger, but of Aristotle, Kant, Nietzsche, Habermas, and the entire question of politics after metaphysics. (shrink)

This essay challenges dominant interpretations of Foucault’s lectures on parrhesia as affirming an ethical, non-political conception of truth-telling. I read the lectures instead as depicting truth-telling as an always political predicament: of having to appear distant from power, while also having to partake in some sense of political power. Read in this way, Foucault’s lectures help us to understand and address the disputed politicality of truth-telling – over who counts as a truth-teller, and what counts as the truth – that (...) his ethical interpreters tend to neglect. Yet the essay also shows that Foucault’s depiction of the predicament of truth-tellers is problematically gendered: focused on the masculine problem of moving in and out of the public sphere, rather than on the experience of the dispossessed, who are excluded from political power altogether. The essay mobilizes an alternative reading of one of Foucault’s key texts – Euripides’ Ion – to draw out an alternative, more democratic model of the predicament of truth-telling: of having to constitute power that can lend significant to truth-telling, while speaking from a position of powerlessness. (shrink)

Muchas personas pueden experimentar o han experimentado acontecimientos traumáticos a lo largo de su vida. Cuando hablamos de trauma nos referimos a un acontecimiento o situación que suele aparecer de forma brusca, inesperada, incontrolable, que pone en peligro la integridad física y que tiene consecuencias dramáticas pues no forma parte de las experiencias humanas habituales, siendo el elemento clave la pérdida de confianza.

In this paper we define the hyper operations ⊗, ∨ and ∧ on a hyper MV -algebra and we obtain some related results. After that by considering the notions ofhyper MV -ideals and weak hyper MV -ideals, we prove some theorems. Then we determine relationships between hyper MV -ideals in a hyper MV -algebra and hyper K -ideals in a hyper K -algebra . Finally we give a characterization of hyper MV -algebras of order 3 or 4 based on the (...) hyper MV -ideals. (shrink)

This essay argues for reading Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring as a work of love that calls for an environmental politics of desire rather than self-preservation narrowly construed. I make this argument by reading Silent Spring in conjunction with the extant love letters of Carson and Dorothy Freeman, where they depict their love as a wondrous multispecies achievement constituted through encounters with birds. I argue that their example reveals that love need be neither worldless nor heteronormative, but may be a world-disclosing (...) practice that leads individuals to live, and desire to live, differently. Reading Silent Spring through the lens of these letters, I argue that it calls us to see the threat insecticides pose not only to “mere life” but also to pleasurable lives of wonder and love. I build on Silent Spring to argue for an alternative politics of survival in the face of climate change: one that foregrounds the connections between inter-human affects and a vibrant multispecies world, between intimate and public feelings, and calls for preservation of a multispecies world through and on behalf of human pleasure. (shrink)

La reelección presidencial puede analizarse desde una doble perspectiva: la perspectiva personal o la institucional. Mirarla desde el ángulo del enfoque personal, le resta posibilidad al debate, por cuanto no puede desconocerse que el presidente Álvaro Uribe genera comportamientos pasionales entre seguidores y contradictores. U nos lo defienden con ardentía por sus logros en seguridad, y otros lo atacan con pasión por el escaso avance en las políticas de empleo y lucha contra la pobreza. Lo cierto es que por este (...) camino, al final los argumentos se reducirían al amor o desamor que sienten los colombianos frente al primer mandatario. (shrink)

Este artículo tiene el propósito de reflexionar sobre los conceptos de Dasein, tiempo y mundo en la construcción filosófica de Martín Heidegger. Para ello, el autor propone considerar que Dasein es el mismo ser humano que pregunta y responde por el ser, que puede transformarse y desplegar todas sus posibilidades y que debe estar abierto a sí mismo, al mundo y a los demás. Al tiempo lo mira como un elemento integrante de la existencia humana, en el que se producen (...) los acontecimientos y constituye horizonte para toda la comprensión del ser, y que puede estudiarse como tiempo de la vida cotidiana, de la naturaleza y del mundo. En tanto que al mundo lo entiende como aquello que preexiste al ser, de lo que somos inseparables y que de alguna manera determina nuestra existencia porque estamos inmersos en su dinámica y en sus problemas. Este escrito concluye que el enfoque de Heidegger es sobre la existencia humana y que con base en estos conceptos ofrece una mirada práctica que lleva al hombre a la autorreflexión, a la autocomprensión, lo que le permite construir su proyecto de vida y alcanzar la autenticidad. (shrink)

No vive la descentralización un buen momento. Contra ella se han enfilado potentes baterías que quieren limitarla. La responsabilizan, sin razón, de ser la causante del enorme déficit fiscal de la Nación. El presidente Uribe considera que “Esa fórmula es insostenible. Si me dicen que hay que regresar a esa fórmula yo no me siento capaz de despejar el futuro macroeconómico de la Nación en este Gobierno.” Así que de nuevo los medios de financiación de la descentralización están en discusión. (...) Por la importancia que tiene esta iniciativa para el futuro de municipios y departamentos, es previsible que se convierta en uno de los puntos centrales del debate nacional de los próximos meses. Aunque nadie desconoce la necesidad de descentralizar y todos reconocen los logros alcanzados a partir del comienzo del proceso en 1986, los recursos que le dan viabilidad y la sostienen corren graves peligros. (shrink)

This article explores the emerging field of the sociology of translation and, at the same time, outlines the relevance of translation for sociology with respect to the global production and circulation of sociological works. Drawing on already existing accounts developed in interdisciplinary translation studies, it is argued that an awareness of the complex nature of translation is fundamental for a self-understanding of the sociological endeavour. The article is divided into three main parts which deal, first, with the role of translation (...) in the international circulation of social theory and its importance for an intellectual history of the discipline; second, its intervention in sociological research and the methodological implications thereof, and third, with a reflexive approach to translation in the sociological field. (shrink)

Every theory is based on a rationality that implies a definition of reality (ontology) and its related epistemological definition; hence every theory perceives certain shapes and contents of reality different from one another. That perceived implies a certain way to construct knowledge, i.e., resear..

There are certain moments, such as the American founding or the Civil Rights Movement, that we revisit again and again as instances of democratic triumph, and there are other moments that haunt us as instances of democratic failure. How should we view moments of democratic failure, when both the law and citizens forsake justice? Do such moments reveal a wholesale failure of democracy or a more contested failing, pointing to what could have been, and still might be? Public Trials reveals (...) the considerable stakes of how we understand democratic failure. Maxwell argues against a tendency in the thinking of Plato, Rousseau and contemporary theorists to view moments of democratic failure as indicative of the failure of democracy, insomuch as such thinking leads to a deference to authority that unintentionally encourages complicity in elite and legal failures to assure justice. In contrast, what Maxwell calls "lost cause narratives" of democratic failure reveal the contingency of democratic failure by showing that things "could have been" otherwise-and, with public action and response, might yet be. A politics of lost causes calls for democratic responsiveness to failure via practices of resistance, theatrical claims-making, and re-narration. Maxwell makes a powerful case for the politics of lost causes by examining public controversies over trials. She focuses on the dilemmas and diagnoses of democratic failure in four instances: Edmund Burke's speeches and writings on the Warren Hastings trial in late 18th century Britain, Emile Zola's writings on the Dreyfus Affair in late 19th century France, Hannah Arendt's writings on the Eichmann trial in 1960's Israel, and Kathryn Bigelow's recent narration of (the lack of) trials of alleged terrorist detainees in Zero Dark Thirty. Maxwell marshals her subtle, historically grounded readings of these texts to show the dangers of despairing of democracy altogether, as well as the necessity of re-narrating instances of democratic failure so as to cultivate public responsiveness to such failures in the future. (shrink)

I argue that men can be oppressed by virtue of being men; however, our definitions of men and masculinity must be redefined and reclaimed from the dominant white perspective. My claims are: (1) current arguments on the oppression of men simpliciter are misguided as they fail to encompass the experiences of all men; (2) any question regarding the oppression of men must reject the current static and universal definition of men; (3) the oppression of men is an instantiation of structural (...) oppression that allows for men to be both privileged and oppressed in different, forms, degrees, and dimensions; (4) the oppression of Latino men qua Latino men is an example of men being oppressed as men. Therefore, (5) we must redefine and reclaim the definition of “men” and “masculinity.” Last, (6) this redefinition cannot be done a priori but must use intersectionality as a regulative method to illuminate the oppression of men that remains obscured in other, one-dimensional approaches to the topic of the oppression of men. (shrink)

ABSTRACTAtiq Rahimi is a director, photographer and translingual author who has published in Dari and in French since 1999. As an outspoken author, Rahimi did not refrain from narrating l...

Volume 23, Issue 2, June 2019, Page 120-123.

This case involves invasive research on captive wild populations of birds to study aggressive animal behavior. The case and associated commentaries raise and examine fundamental issues: whether and under what conditions, such research is ethically justified when the research has no expected, direct application to the human species; the moral status of animals and how one balances concern for the animal’s interests against the value of gains in scientific knowledge. They also emphasize the issue of the importance of a thorough (...) literature search to ensure appropriate research design and experimental design to minimize animal suffering. It raises the issue of circumstances in which such research should be modified or terminated. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar acerca de las herramientas teóricas y metodológicas que ofrece el análisis crítico del discurso para la comprensión del fenómeno del suicidio. En este sentido se proponen dos discusiones que son centrales para comprender esta relación. En primer lugar, se plantea una crítica sobre las formas de comprender la relación entre suicidio y los medios de comunicación desde la idea de la imitación. Posteriormente se discute la importancia de concebir el suicidio como una práctica (...) atravesada por construcciones sociales, políticas y culturales que no se limita de manera exclusiva la psicopatología. Finalmente se expone cómo el análisis crítico del discurso puede generar modos de comprender el suicidio que relativicen los discursos hegemónicos a que dan lugar ciertas exigencias de carácter epistemológico y tecno-científico. (shrink)

This essay takes a critical look at the rubric “age of terror,” a rubric which has enjoyed a certain amount of theoretical and philosophical cachet in recent years. My argument begins by noting the continuity between this hypostatization and contemporary “war on terror” rhetoric, a continuity that is, in certain respects, ironic given the politics of the “age of terror” theorists. It then moves—via Machiavelli, Max Weber, and Hannah Arendt—to a consideration of the topics of state violence (on the one (...) hand) and totalitarian terror (on the other). I use Arendt’s theorization of totalitarian terror for a dual purpose: first, to emphasize the gap between totalitarian terror and the more familiar “terror as means”; second, to question the characterization of recent Islamic terrorism as totalitarian in essence. Arendt’s distinctions between violence, terror and totalitarian terror help us avoid the Schmittian logic installed by advocates of the “war on terror” and by a variety of writers anxious to identify a ill-defined and generic “totalitarianism” as the transhistorical and transcultural “other” of liberalism. Keywords : terror; islamic terrorism; Hannah Arendt; Max Weber; totalitarianism; “Age of Terror”; liberalism; Machiavelli; evil as policy (Published online: 25 August, 2008) Citation: Ethics & Global Politics 2008. DOI: 10.3402/egp.v1i3.1861. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal hacer un análisis sobre cuál es el papel que tiene el uso de los dispositivos móviles en la apropiación de los diversos espacios de ciudad, dicho análisis se desarrolla al margen de la investigación sobre el desarrollo de una aplicación para dispositivos móviles que permita el correcto uso de los gimnasios al aire libre en la ciudad de Medellín – Colombia. Esta investigación fue apoyada por los entes nacionales COLCIENCIAS y COLDEPORTES y permitió (...) visualizar cómo los seres humanos han encontrado en sus “gadgets” una nueva forma de estar, sentir la ciudadanía y ser en la ciudad. La era de la información y la cultura de la conectividad, ha catalizado notablemente nuevas posibilidades para la comprensión del espacio público, la aprehensión y comprensión de la ciudad, la conformación de grupos y asociaciones en relación con gustos, actividades y luchas conjuntas, es decir, los dispositivos móviles se están consolidando como la ventana contemporánea, que permite ver, encontrarse y conocer la ciudad o cualquiera de sus actores, con la ventaja de estar siempre al alcance de la mano. (shrink)